Home > Advice & Support > Understanding Behaviours of Concern Understanding Behaviours of Concern When someone displays behaviours that put themselves or others at risk, it’s natural for their support network to feel concerned, overwhelmed, or uncertain about how to respond. However, understanding these behaviours as an attempt to communicate an unmet need rather than deliberate disruption can transform how we approach complex care. Behaviours of Concern at a Glance Behaviours of concern are actions that may pose a risk to the safety of the individual or those around them It is a method of communicating distress when unable to use traditional communication methods It is important to gain an understanding of what triggers behaviours of concern, in order to prevent future escalation Approaches including Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) provides evidence-based techniques to support an individual with behaviours of concern to live a fulfilling life What are Behaviours of Concern? Behaviours of concern are actions that may pose risks to the safety and wellbeing of an individual or those around them. These behaviours can take many forms, including physical aggression towards themself or others, property destruction, withdrawal or self-isolation, verbal aggression, repetitive behaviours that cause harm, absconding, or neglecting personal care needs, medication or food. Behaviours of Concern vs Challenging Behaviours The shift in terminology reflects a change in perspective within the health and social care industry. Challenging behaviours could imply the person is difficult or problematic, while behaviours of concern acknowledges that something is concerning about what the person is experiencing. Although terminology is regularly discussed and changed by behavioural experts, the focus is always about understanding and supporting the individual rather than labelling them. DISCOVER SUPPORT Behaviours as Communication One of the most important principles in care is recognising that behaviour is communication. When someone lacks the means to express their needs, feelings, or discomfort through conventional communication, they may use behaviour instead. What might behaviours be communicating? Behaviours often communicate physical or medical discomfort such as pain, illness, hunger, or sensory imbalance, particularly for individuals who cannot articulate these experiences verbally. They may also express emotional distress including anxiety, fear, frustration, grief, or responses to past trauma. Unmet needs for interaction, sensory input, meaningful activity, or social connection frequently manifest as behaviours of concern when other avenues for expression aren’t available. Environmental factors like overstimulation, unfamiliar surroundings, excessive noise, or uncomfortable temperatures can contribute to distress, as can loss of control or autonomy when individuals feel they have no say in their daily lives. Every behaviour serves a function or purpose for the individual, even if it appears random or destructive to observers. Understanding which function a behaviour serves is crucial for developing effective support strategies. The same behaviour in two different people may serve entirely different functions and therefore require different approaches. Helpful Information We’ve created clear, easy-to-follow advice and support articles to help you navigate your search for care and support. Understanding Autism Finding Care Clinical Support at Home Identifying Triggers and Patterns Understanding what happens before behaviours of concern is key to preventing them and responding effectively. Triggers often arise from changes in routine or environment, moving between activities, or specific sensory needs not being met. They can also come from communication challenges, sensory sensitivities, or physical discomfort. By recognising these early signs, you can put strategies in place that support positive outcomes and improve wellbeing. Systematic observation can reveal patterns that aren’t immediately obvious. Considerations include: Timing When do behaviours typically occur? Setting Where do they happen most frequently? Social Context Who is present or absent? Activities What was the person doing or being asked to do? After-Effects What happens immediately after the behaviour? Looking for Support? If you are seeking support for an individual with behaviours of concern, please get in touch with our friendly team to discuss how we can help. CONTACT US Moving from Reactive to Proactive Support Once behaviours of concern are understood as communication rather than defiance, the focus can shift from managing incidents to preventing distress. Proactive approaches include: Environmental Modifications To reduce triggers and increase comfort Communication Support To provide alternative ways for individuals to express needs. This can include visual supports, communication devices or simplified language Routine and Predictability To create structure that reduces anxiety about what’s coming next Meaningful Engagement To ensure individuals have purposeful activities that match their interests and abilities Skill Development To teach alternative ways to meet needs or communicate Trauma-Informed Care Recognising how past experiences may influence current behaviour Understanding behaviours of concern is the essential first step. The next step is implementing structured, evidence-based approaches to support the individual effectively. Learn more about Positive Behaviour Support, a framework specifically designed to reduce behaviours of concern while improving quality of life. Behaviours of Concern FAQs Are behaviours of concern always intentional? No. Many behaviours occur as automatic responses to distress, discomfort, or overwhelm. Even when behaviours appear purposeful, they’re usually driven by unmet needs rather than deliberate attempts to be difficult. The individual may not have conscious awareness of why they’re behaving in a particular way. How do I know if a behaviour is a concern or just a preference? A behaviour should only be considered a concern if it poses genuine risks to the health, safety, or wellbeing of the individual or others. Behaviours that are merely unexpected or differ from ‘social norms’ are not behaviours of concern. The focus is not on shaping behaviours to appear more neurotypical or predictable, but on reducing only those behaviours that significantly affect a person’s safety or quality of life. Can behaviours of concern be prevented entirely? While many behaviours can be significantly reduced with the right support, it is unrealistic to expect behaviours to disappear completely, especially initially. The goal is to understand, reduce, and respond effectively to behaviours of concern while improving the person’s overall quality of life. Progress is not always linear, and occasional behaviours of concern may occur even with excellent support in place. What should I do when a behaviour of concern occurs? Immediate priorities are safety and de-escalation. Stay calm, ensure the environment is safe, and avoid escalating the situation with demands or confrontation. Once everyone is safe, reflect on what might have triggered the behaviour. Document what happened objectively, including what occurred before, during, and after the behaviour. Use this information to inform prevention strategies and support planning. How do sensory needs relate to behaviours of concern? Many individuals, particularly those who have autism or have sensory processing differences, may find certain sensory experiences overwhelming or distressing. Behaviours of concern can be a response to sensory overload (too much stimulation) or sensory-seeking (not enough stimulation). Understanding an individual’s sensory profile helps create environments and routines that reduce distress. When should professional support be sought? Professional support should be sought when: Behaviours pose significant safety risks Current strategies aren’t effectively reducing behaviours Behaviours are preventing the individual from accessing opportunities or achieving goals Care teams feel overwhelmed or uncertain about how to proceed Behaviours are escalating in frequency or intensity Specialist practitioners can conduct thorough assessments and develop comprehensive support plans tailored to the individual’s needs. Download our Brochure Enter your email to receive a downloadable copy of our brochure. Δ By clicking Download you’re confirming that you agree with our Privacy Policy Our Approach to Behaviours of Concern Understanding behaviours of concern is fundamental to providing compassionate, person-centred care. When we recognise that behaviours communicate distress, needs, or challenges the individual is facing, we can move beyond simple management to genuine support that improves quality of life. At Amore Complex Care, we approach behaviours of concern with empathy, expertise, and a commitment to understanding the person behind the behaviour. Our PBS Specialist works collaboratively with individuals, families, and Support teams to develop comprehensive understanding of behaviours of concern and implement evidence-based strategies that reduce distress and enhance wellbeing. If you are supporting someone displaying behaviours of concern and would like guidance on understanding and addressing these challenges, we’re here to help. GET IN TOUCH
